Development of a Solar-Tracking System for Horizontal Single-Axis PV Arrays Using Spatial Projection Analysis

Uniaxial trackers are widely employed as the frame for solar photovoltaic (PV) panel installation. However, when used in sloping terrain scenarios such mountain and hill regions, it is essential to apply a solar-tracking strategy with factors considered, eliminate shading effects between arrays reduce electricity production loss due changes. Based on uniaxial tracker of PV farm located Ningxia, this study established by integrating spatial projection model dynamic shadow assessment method. In proposed strategy, optimal tilt angle array related desirable adjustment identified taking into consideration major parameters area ratio S average irradiance intensity G. A tool underpinned Matlab Simulink has also been developed realize strategy. With input simulated ramp signal β dynamically changed time parameters, tracking over duration accurately predicted, followed series experimental validations conducted winter solstice typical sunny day (15 September). Moreover, explored impacts comparing flat applications. The analytic results indicate that (a) maximum value G(β) function could serve identify angle; (b) application (FTT) would result reduction harvested varying degrees; (c) context an east–west −7° terrain, compared FTT (STT) enabled anti-shading tracking, then increased daily yield 0.094 kWh/kWp, which around 1.48% energy production; (d) given measurement annual scale, STT cause 1.26% increase harvesting slope achieving 25.16 kWh/kWp. comparative analysis validated precision model, far-reaching significance automatic modules, well improving capacity efficiency systems.